Fluoroquinolones are used to deal with severe bacterial infections, together with these brought on by Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica. The emergence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) symbolize a brand new problem to the profitable therapy of Gram-negative infections. As a part of a long-term technique to generate a reference database of closed plasmids from antimicrobial resistant foodborne micro organism, we carried out long-read sequencing of 11 E. coli isolates from retail meats that had been non-susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Every of the isolates had PMQR genes, together with qnrA1, qnrS1, and qnrB19.
The 4 qnrB19 genes had been carried on two distinct ColE-type plasmids amongst isolates from pork chop and floor turkey and had been similar to plasmids beforehand recognized in Salmonella. Seven different plasmids differed from every other sequences in GenBank and comprised IncF and IncR plasmids that ranged in measurement from 48 to 180 kb. These plasmids additionally contained completely different mixtures of resistance genes, together with these conferring resistance to beta-lactams, macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracycline, and heavy metals.
Though comparatively few isolates have PMQR genes, the identification of various plasmids in a number of retail meat sources suggests the potential for additional unfold of fluoroquinolone resistance, together with by way of co-selection. These outcomes spotlight the worth of long-read sequencing in characterizing antimicrobial resistance genes of public well being concern. We additional present that these unusually excessive lactose uptake charges are poisonous to the cells, resulting in elevated cell leakiness and lysis. Lastly, we exhibit that in distinction to plasmid-based T7 expression methods, IPTG induction is useful for genome-integrated T7 expression methods regarding cell health and productiveness.
Identification of σE-Dependent Promoter Upstream of clpB from the Pathogenic Spirochaete Leptospira interrogans by Making use of an E. coli Two-Plasmid System.
There may be restricted info on gene expression within the pathogenic spirochaete Leptospirainterrogans and genetic mechanisms controlling its virulence. Transcription is step one in gene expression that’s typically decided by environmental results, together with infection-induced stresses. Alterations within the surroundings lead to important modifications within the transcription of many genes, permitting efficient adaptation of Leptospira to mammalian hosts. Thus, promoter and transcriptional begin web site identification are essential for figuring out gene expression regulation and for the understanding of genetic regulatory mechanisms current in Leptospira.
Right here, we characterised the promoter area of the L. interrogans clpB gene (clpBLi) encoding an AAA+ molecular chaperone ClpB important for the survival of this spirochaete beneath thermal and oxidative stresses, and likewise throughout an infection of the host. Primer extension evaluation demonstrated that transcription of clpB in L. interrogans initiates at a cytidine situated 41 bp upstream of the ATG initiation codon, and, to a lesser extent, at an adenine situated 2 bp downstream of the recognized web site. Transcription of each transcripts was heat-inducible.
Dedication of clpBLi transcription begin web site, mixed with promoter transcriptional exercise assays utilizing a modified two-plasmid system in E. coli, revealed that clpBLi transcription is managed by the ECF σE issue. Of the ten L. interrogans ECF σ components, the issue encoded by LIC_12757 (LA0876) is almost certainly to be the important thing regulator of clpB gene expression in Leptospira cells, particularly beneath thermal stress. Moreover, clpB expression could also be mediated by ppGpp in Leptospira.
Figuring out the Virulence Properties of Escherichia coli ST131 Containing Bacteriocin-Encoding Plasmids Utilizing Quick- and Lengthy-Learn Sequencing and Evaluating Them with These of Different E. coli Lineages.
Escherichia coli ST131 is a scientific problem as a consequence of its multidrug resistant profile and profitable international unfold. They’re typically related to difficult infections, significantly urinary tract infections (UTIs). Bacteriocins play an vital function to outcompete different microorganisms current within the human intestine. Right here, we characterised bacteriocin-encoding plasmids present in ST131 isolates of sufferers affected by a UTI utilizing each short- and long-read sequencing. Colicins Ia, Ib and E1, and microcin V, had been recognized amongst plasmids that additionally contained resistance and virulence genes.
To research if the potential transmission vary of the colicin E1 plasmid is influenced by the presence of a resistance gene, we constructed a pressure containing a plasmid which had each the colicin E1 and blaCMY-2 genes. No distinction in transmission vary was discovered between transformant and wild-type strains. Nonetheless, a statistically considerably distinction was present in adhesion and invasion capacity. Bacteriocin-producing isolates from each ST131 and non-ST131 lineages had been capable of inhibit the expansion of different E. coli isolates, together with different ST131. In abstract, plasmids harboring bacteriocins give extra benefits for extremely virulent and resistant ST131 isolates, enhancing the power of those isolates to compete with different microbiota for a distinct segment and thereby rising the danger of an infection.
The current examine aimed to judge the affect of induction situations (IPTG focus, temperature, and induction time) on the plasmid pQE-30 stability and 503 antigen expression of Leishmania i. chagasi in Escherichia coli M15. Batch cultures had been carried out at 37 °C and induced by the addition of various IPTG concentrations (0.01 to 1.5 mM). Subsequently, experiments had been carried out at completely different temperatures (27 to 42 °C), evaluating the affect of induction time (0.5 to six h after the beginning of the tradition). The outcomes confirmed that IPTG toxicity brought on a metabolic stress within the cells and, consequently, the microorganism development decreased.
![]() RecA Protein E. coli |
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M1231-200 | Biovision | EUR 202 |
![]() E. coli RecA Protein |
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01-001 | Sceti | 200 ug | EUR 205 |
Description: The E. coli RecA Protein is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
![]() E. coli RuvA protein |
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01-007 | Sceti | 50 ug | EUR 479 |
Description: The E. coli RuvA protein is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
![]() E. coli RuvA protein |
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01-008 | Sceti | 250 ug | EUR 1184 |
Description: The E. coli RuvA protein is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
![]() E. coli RuvB protein |
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01-009 | Sceti | 50 ug | EUR 479 |
Description: The E. coli RuvB protein is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
![]() E. coli RuvB protein |
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01-010 | Sceti | 250 ug | EUR 1184 |
Description: The E. coli RuvB protein is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
![]() E. coli RuvC protein |
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01-011 | Sceti | 50 ug | EUR 479 |
Description: The E. coli RuvC protein is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
![]() E. coli RuvC protein |
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01-012 | Sceti | 250 ug | EUR 1184 |
Description: The E. coli RuvC protein is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
![]() Diphosphoryl Lipid A (E. coli K12 D31m4) |
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AV-7040-1 | Alpha Diagnostics | 1 mg | EUR 529 |
![]() Diphosphoryl Lipid A (E. coli K12 D31m4) |
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AV-7040-5 | Alpha Diagnostics | 5 mg | EUR 2113 |
![]() Escherichia coli (E. coli) Antibody |
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abx411320-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 509 |
![]() Escherichia coli (E. coli) Antibody |
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abx415692-01mg | Abbexa | 0.1 mg | EUR 634 |
![]() Escherichia coli (E. coli) Antibody |
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abx415712-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 606 |
![]() Escherichia coli J5 K88 Fimbrial Protein A (E. coli K88A / faeC) Antibody |
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abx411325-02mg | Abbexa | 0.2 mg | EUR 565 |
![]() E. coli antibody |
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20C-CR1244GP | Fitzgerald | 1 ml | EUR 468 |
Description: Goat polyclonal E. coli antibody |
![]() E. coli antibody |
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10C-CR1244M1 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 408 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal E. coli antibody |
![]() E. coli antibody |
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10-E09C | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 133 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal E. coli antibody |
![]() E. coli antibody |
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10-E10A | Fitzgerald | 500 ug | EUR 493 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal E. coli antibody |
![]() E. coli antibody |
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10-E10B | Fitzgerald | 500 ug | EUR 493 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal E. coli antibody |
![]() E. coli antibody |
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20-ER13 | Fitzgerald | 1 ml | EUR 355 |
Description: Rabbit polyclonal E. coli antibody |
![]() E. coli GroL |
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DAG1704 | Creative Diagnostics | 100 ug | EUR 915 |
![]() E. coli GroS |
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DAG1705 | Creative Diagnostics | 100 ug | EUR 915 |
![]() E. coli DsbA |
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DAG1712 | Creative Diagnostics | 100 ug | EUR 915 |
![]() E. coli GrpE |
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DAG1714 | Creative Diagnostics | 100 ug | EUR 1027 |
![]() E. coli Antibody |
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abx021669-1mg | Abbexa | 1 mg | EUR 1295 |
![]() E. coli Antibody |
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abx021670-1mg | Abbexa | 1 mg | EUR 871 |
![]() E. coli Antibody |
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abx021671-02ml | Abbexa | 0.2 ml | EUR 495 |
![]() E. coli Antibody |
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abx021672-1mg | Abbexa | 1 mg | EUR 871 |
![]() E. coli Antibody |
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abx021673-1mg | Abbexa | 1 mg | EUR 871 |
![]() E. coli Antibody |
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abx022970-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 732 |
![]() E. coli Antibody |
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abx022971-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 968 |
![]() E. coli Antibody |
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abx022975-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 599 |
![]() E. coli Antibody |
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abx022977-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 676 |
![]() Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Enterotoxin A (E. coli Labile Toxin A / eltA) Antibody |
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abx411329-02mg | Abbexa | 0.2 mg | EUR 565 |
![]() Recombinant Activin A Protein (aa 311-426) (E. coli) |
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VAng-2797Lsx-100g | Creative Biolabs | 100 µg | EUR 11818 |
Description: Human Activin A was expressed in E. coli. (Uniprot ID: Q14599) |
![]() E. Coli O 157 Protein |
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abx061475-01ml | Abbexa | 0.1 ml | EUR 551 |
![]() Escherichia coli (E. coli) Antibody (Biotin) |
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abx411321-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 592 |
![]() Escherichia coli (E. coli) Antibody (FITC) |
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abx411322-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 509 |
![]() Escherichia coli (E. coli) Antibody (Biotin) |
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abx415713-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 718 |
![]() Rabbit anti-E-coli host cell proteins (HCP's) IgG, aff pure (a mix of rabbit and Chicken Ig's) |
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ECO12-A | Alpha Diagnostics | 100 ul | EUR 482 |
![]() Rabbit Anti-Glutathione Transferase (GST, E. coli) IgG# 1, aff pure |
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GST11-A | Alpha Diagnostics | 100 ug | EUR 482 |
![]() pFastBac 1-para sodium channel Plasmid |
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PVTB80052-2a | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 356 |
![]() E. coli Protein GrpE (GrpE) Protein |
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20-abx261718 | Abbexa |
|
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![]() Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Enterotoxin A/B (E. coli Labile Toxin) Antibody |
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abx411328-02mg | Abbexa | 0.2 mg | EUR 565 |
![]() Benzonase, E. Coli Recombinant |
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7680-25 | Biovision | EUR 332 |
![]() Benzonase, E. Coli Recombinant |
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7680-5 | Biovision | EUR 137 |
![]() E. Coli HCP antibody |
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20R-EG001 | Fitzgerald | 1 ml | EUR 837 |
Description: Goat polyclonal E. Coli HCP antibody |
![]() E. coli O157 antibody |
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10C-CR1295M3 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 392 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal E. coli O157 antibody |
![]() E. coli O157 antibody |
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10-1490 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 136 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal E. coli O157 antibody |
![]() E. coli O157 antibody |
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10-1521 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 142 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal E. coli O157 antibody |
![]() E. coli O157 antibody |
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10-E12A | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 385 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal E. coli O157 antibody |
![]() TesA, E. coli esterase |
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0306-1 | AthenaES | 100 Units | EUR 421 |
![]() TesA, E. coli esterase |
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0306-5 | AthenaES | 500 Units | EUR 1705 |
![]() E. Coli Recombinant TRXB |
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6331-100 | Biovision | EUR 425 |
![]() E. Coli Recombinant SlyD |
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6366-100 | Biovision | EUR 457 |
![]() E. coli antibody (FITC) |
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60-E13 | Fitzgerald | 1 ml | EUR 378 |
Description: Rabbit polyclonal E. coli antibody (FITC) conjugated |
![]() E. coli antibody (biotin) |
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60-E13B | Fitzgerald | 1 ml | EUR 468 |
Description: Rabbit polyclonal E. coli antibody (biotin) conjugated |
![]() E. coli antibody (HRP) |
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60-E14 | Fitzgerald | 1 ml | EUR 408 |
Description: Rabbit polyclonal E. coli antibody (HRP) conjugated |
![]() E. coli Recombinant IDNK |
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P1050-10 | Biovision | EUR 164 |
![]() E. coli Recombinant IDNK |
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P1050-50 | Biovision | EUR 381 |
![]() Recombinant E. coli, Glucokinase |
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P1054-10 | Biovision | EUR 164 |
![]() Recombinant E. coli, Glucokinase |
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P1054-50 | Biovision | EUR 381 |
![]() E. coli DNA Ligase |
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M1217-100 | Biovision | EUR 321 |
![]() E. coli Exonuclease I |
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M1222-100 | Biovision | EUR 251 |
![]() E. coli Exonuclease III |
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M1223-100 | Biovision | EUR 267 |
![]() E. coli FimC [His] |
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DAG1666 | Creative Diagnostics | 100 ug | EUR 1027 |
![]() E. coli Eco [His] |
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DAG1667 | Creative Diagnostics | 50 ug | EUR 1027 |
![]() E. coli O157 Antibody |
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abx021684-1mg | Abbexa | 1 mg | EUR 1017 |
![]() E. coli O157 Antibody |
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abx021685-1mg | Abbexa | 1 mg | EUR 996 |
![]() E. coli O157 Antibody |
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abx021686-1mg | Abbexa | 1 mg | EUR 996 |
![]() E. coli O157 Antibody |
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abx021687-1mg | Abbexa | 1 mg | EUR 996 |
![]() E. coli O157 Antibody |
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abx021688-1mg | Abbexa | 1 mg | EUR 940 |
![]() E. coli O157 Antibody |
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abx021689-1mg | Abbexa | 1 mg | EUR 996 |
![]() E. coli Antibody (HRP) |
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abx022972-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 599 |
![]() E. coli Antibody (FITC) |
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abx022974-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 648 |
![]() E. coli Antibody (Biotin) |
|||
abx022976-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 599 |
![]() E. coli Antibody (HRP) |
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abx022978-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 878 |
![]() E. coli Antibody (Biotin) |
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abx022979-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 739 |
![]() E. coli O157 Antibody |
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abx024017-1mg | Abbexa | 1 mg | EUR 1010 |
![]() E. coli O 157 |
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abx291002-100mg | Abbexa | 100 mg | EUR 620 |
![]() E. coli Topoisomerase IV |
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TG2000EC-1 | TopoGen | 250 units | EUR 448 |
![]() E. coli Topoisomerase IV |
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TG2000EC-3 | TopoGen | 500 units | EUR 683 |
![]() E. coli Topoisomerase IV |
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TG2000EC-5 | TopoGen | 1000 units | EUR 1052 |
![]() E. coli DNA Gyrase |
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TG2000G-1 | TopoGen | 100 units | EUR 324 |
![]() E. coli DNA Gyrase |
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TG2000G-3 | TopoGen | 500 units | EUR 705 |
![]() E. coli DNA Gyrase |
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TG2000G-5 | TopoGen | 1000 units | EUR 1164 |
![]() E. coli DNA Gyrase |
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TG2000G-7 | TopoGen | 2000 units | EUR 1836 |
![]() E. coli GroEL Antibody |
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20012-05011 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 217 |
![]() E. coli CysH Antibody |
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30281-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 261 |
![]() E. coli DnaJ Antibody |
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32022-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 261 |
![]() E. coli pykF Antibody |
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32163-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 261 |
![]() E. coli GOR Antibody |
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32540-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 261 |
![]() E. coli NDK Antibody |
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32662-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 261 |
![]() E. coli PPA Antibody |
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32678-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 261 |
![]() E. coli glk Antibody |
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32864-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 261 |
![]() E. Coli ldhA Antibody |
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32898-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 261 |
![]() E. coli deoC Antibody |
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32936-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 261 |
![]() E. coli Skp Antibody |
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32971-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 261 |
![]() E. coli nanA Antibody |
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33092-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 261 |
![]() E. coli LexA repressor |
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01-005 | Sceti | 50 ug | EUR 479 |
Description: The E. coli LexA repressor is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
![]() E. coli LexA repressor |
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01-006 | Sceti | 250 ug | EUR 1184 |
Description: The E. coli LexA repressor is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur. |
![]() Enterotoxin STp (E. coli) |
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H-6248.0500 | Bachem | 0.5mg | EUR 696 |
Description: Sum Formula: C81H110N20O26S6; CAS# [115474-04-9] net |
![]() Enterotoxin STp (E. coli) |
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H-6248.1000 | Bachem | 1.0mg | EUR 1180 |
Description: Sum Formula: C81H110N20O26S6; CAS# [115474-04-9] net |
![]() Rabbit Anti-Recombinant (E. coli) Zika Virus Envelop Protein (African MR766, 1-504 aa) IgG |
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ZENV20-A | Alpha Diagnostics | 100 ul | EUR 482 |
![]() Human Escherichia coli (E. coli) ELISA Kit |
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abx052493-96tests | Abbexa | 96 tests | EUR 668 |
![]() Cow Escherichia coli (E. coli) ELISA Kit |
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abx055785-96tests | Abbexa | 96 tests | EUR 668 |
![]() Recombinant E. coli Tryptophan Synthase α Chain/Trp A |
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CM30-10ug | Novoprotein | 10ug | EUR 156 |
Description: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS,pH7.4. |
![]() Recombinant E. coli Tryptophan Synthase α Chain/Trp A |
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CM30-1mg | Novoprotein | 1mg | EUR 2283 |
Description: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS,pH7.4. |
![]() Recombinant E. coli Tryptophan Synthase α Chain/Trp A |
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CM30-500ug | Novoprotein | 500ug | EUR 1613 |
Description: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS,pH7.4. |
![]() Recombinant E. coli Tryptophan Synthase α Chain/Trp A |
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CM30-50ug | Novoprotein | 50ug | EUR 369 |
Description: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS,pH7.4. |
![]() E. coli 0157:H7 cell protein |
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30-AE13 | Fitzgerald | 1 ml | EUR 284 |
Description: Heat inactivated E. coli O157:H7 cells |
The induction with IPTG may additionally be related to the plasmid pQE-30 instability, as a consequence of metabolic burden imposed by the recombinant protein expression. The optimum situations for 503 antigen expression of Leishmania i. chagasi in Escherichia coli M15 had been an IPTG focus of 1.Zero mM, temperature of 37 °C, and induction time of two h. The utmost antigen focus obtained was 0.119 ± 0.009 g/L, about seven occasions greater than the bottom focus. Due to this fact, the outcomes confirmed that 503 antigen will be produced in laboratory; nonetheless, it requires extra research to attenuate the plasmid instability and enhance to industrial scale.